What is Federal Recognition with the United States and how is it obtained?

The indigenous peoples of the Pembina Chippewa Tribe, are a historical tribe, whose members are lineal descendants of the 1863 Old Crossing Treaty signatories, and this tribal nation is Federally Recognized by Treaty under Article VI of the United States Constitution, via Legislative Branch recognition.

Federal Recognition of nation v. nation status with the United States of America occurs by the act of Congress (Legislative Branch) by entering into a treaty, or by the President (Executive Branch) to issue an Executive Order creating a reservation, or through federal court decisions (Judicial Branch).

Unfortunately, the modern understanding of Federal Recognition is considered falsely as pertaining only to those who have ceded their tribal land occupancy rights in exchange for placement upon reservations, something the Little Shell and Red Bear Chiefs of the Pembina Chippewa Tribe never did as we were recognized under Treaty, protected by the Constitution, and could only lose our tribal land occupancy rights through our choice, which we never made the decision to part with. (Wilson v Wall. 6 Wall. S3.89; Reichart v. Felps, 6 Wall. 160; Smith v. Stevens, 10 Wall. 321, 327; Holden v. Joy, 17 Wall. 211, 247 (p. 32), Turner V. American Baptist Missionary Union, 24 Fed Cas No. 14251 (C.C. Mich. 1852))

The Pembina Chippewa Tribal peoples are additionally federally recognized by the Judicial Branch on multiple occasions as the non-reservation lineal Little Shell and Red Bear band Indians as found in cases TMBCI v. United States, 490 F.2d 935,953-54, 203 Ct.Cl 426, 456-59 (1974); and U.S. Indian Claims Commission and U.S. Court of Claims Indian Lands Judicially Established 1978 and S.1735 Public Law 97-403 (1982) and Chippewa Cree Tribe of the Rocky Boy’s Reservation v. United States, 73 Fed. Cl. 154 (2006).

Just as the U.S. Constitution and the jurisdiction of the United States exist in authority even if only 1 U.S. Citizen remains, so too does the Pembina Chippewa Tribe exist and retain its sovereign authority and jurisdiction over its land title and original tribal occupancy rights, even if only 1 tribal member remains in the Pembina Chippewa tribe.